OMIMOnlineMendelianInheritanceinManAll DatabasesPubMedNucleotideProteinGenomeStructurePMCTaxonomyOMIM SearchPubMedProteinNucleotideCoreNucleotideGSSESTStructureGenomeBooksCancerChromosomesConservedDomainsdbGaP3DDomainsGeneGenomeProjectGENSATGEOProfilesGEODataSetsHomoloGeneJournalsMeSHNCBIWebSiteNLMCatalogOMIAOMIMPMCPopSetProbeProteinClustersPubChemBioAssayPubChemCompoundPubChemSubstanceSNPTaxonomyToolKitUniGeneUniSTSLimitsPreview/IndexHistoryClipboardDetailsDisplayTitlesDetailedClinicalSynopsisAllelicVariantsASN1XMLLinkOutRelatedEntriesBookLinksGeneLinksGenomeLinksGEOProfileLinksHomoloGeneLinksNucleotideLinksOMIALinksPubChemBioAssayLinksPMCLinksProteinLinksPubMed(calculated)LinksPubMed(cited)LinksSNPLinksGeneGenotypeLinksStructureLinksUniGeneLinksUniSTSLinksShow5102050100200500SendtoTextFilePrinterClipboardAll1OMIMdbSNP0OMIMUniSTS0*609747LinksSTRIATEDMUSCLEACTIVATOROFRHOSIGNALINGAlternativetitlessymbolsSTARSGenemaplocus8q23TEXTCLONINGFromadifferentialscreenforgenesexpressedinmouseembryonicheartAraietal(2002)identifiedacDNAencodinganovelactinbindingproteindesignatedstriatedmuscleactivatorofRhosignaling(Stars)BydatabasesearchingtheyidentifiedhumanSTARSwhichencodesadeduced381aminoacidproteinNorthernblotanalysisrevealedSTARStranscriptsinadultheartandskeletalmuscleofbothmouseandhumanSTARSlocalizedtotheIbandofthesarcomereinratprimarycardiomyocytesandtoactinstressfibersintransfectedcellsInsituhybridizationexperimentsshowedthatSTARSwasexpressedspecificallyintheprimitivehearttubeofmiceatembryonicday875andalsoinskeletalmusclebyE105GENEFUNCTIONUsinginvitrosedimentationassaysAraietal(2002)foundthatSTARSdirectlyassociateswithactinDeletionmutantexperimentsrevealedthatSTARSrequires2separatebutcodependentregions(aminoacids234279and346375)tobindtoactinAraietal(2002)foundthattheconservedCterminalregionofSTARSwasnecessaryandsufficienttostimulateexpressionfromtheSM22(600818)promoterwhichcontains2serumresponsefactor(SRF600589)bindingsites(CArGboxes)TheyalsofoundthatthetranscriptionalactivationbySTARSismediatedinlargepartbythecytoskeletonbutalsobyaRhodependentmechanismKuwaharaetal(2005)demonstratedthatSTARScanactivateSRFbyinducingthenucleartranslocationofthemyocardinrelatedtranscriptionfactorsMRTFA(MKL1606078)andMRTFB(MKL2609463)TheSTARSdependentnuclearimportofMRTFsrequiresRhoAandactinpolymerizationandtheCterminalactinbindingdomainofSTARSisnecessaryandsufficientforthisactivityReductionofendogenousSTARSexpressionbyuseofsiRNAsignificantlyreducedSRFactivityindifferentiatedC2C12skeletalmusclecellsandcardiacmyocytesMAPPINGBysequenceanalysisAraietal(2002)mappedtheSTARSgenetochromosome8q23REFERENCES1AraiASpencerJAOlsonENSTARSastriatedmuscleactivatorofRhosignalingandserumresponsefactordependenttranscriptionJBiolChem27724453244592002PubMedID119837022KuwaharaKBarrientosTPipesGCTLiSOlsonENMusclespecificsignalingmechanismthatlinksactindynamicstoserumresponsefactorsMolecCellBiol25317331812005PubMedID15798203CREATIONDATEJenniferLGoldstein11/30/2005EDITHISTORYcarol12/1/2005carol12/1/2005Copyright©19662007JohnsHopkinsUniversityDisplayTitlesDetailedClinicalSynopsisAllelicVariantsASN1XMLLinkOutRelatedEntriesBookLinksGeneLinksGenomeLinksGEOProfileLinksHomoloGeneLinksNucleotideLinksOMIALinksPubChemBioAssayLinksPMCLinksProteinLinksPubMed(calculated)LinksPubMed(cited)LinksSNPLinksGeneGenotypeLinksStructureLinksUniGeneLinksUniSTSLinksShow5102050100200500SendtoTextFilePrinterClipboardDisclaimerWritetotheHelpDeskPrivacyPolicyNCBINLMNIH